New Geographic Systems

The organization of the space always was one of the priorities for the people who if consider to live in groups under objectives and common norms. The maintenance of biodiversity and the solution of the conflicts are important premises for definition of the planning procedures. The territorial order by means of the zoning and the establishment of programs of action in the form of ambient norms is essential parts for a good planning. The analysis of thematic maps is one of the forms to study the alterations that occur in the structure of the landscape in determined period of time. The knowledge of the geographic space is important for order of antrpicas activities e, in this vision, the studies of thematic mapping aims at to characterize and to understand the organization of the space, as support for the establishment of bases for future actions and studies.

The use of new technologies of collection and manuscript of space information can be the reply to the management of these territorial units, therefore they subsidize the process of taking of decision with information on the territory. The new technologies related to the Remote Sensoriamento, System of Posicionamento Global (GPS) and Geoprocessamento allow the creation of Geographic Systems of Information that allow to integrate space and not space information of nature, diverse origin and form in an only database, making possible the derivation of new information and its visualization in the form of maps. However, in if treating to the extration of data of remote sensoriamento, the multispectral classification is one of the used methods with more frequency to get information of definitive areas. It has two forms to carry through this process: by means of the visual interpretation of the forms and the standards that are observed in the images, or through automatic techniques of digital processing (Jensen, apud Opossum, 2005).